Respiration in insects is called direct because
- a.The cell exchange O2/ CO2 directly with the air in the tubes
- b.The tissues exchange O2/ CO2 directly with coelomic fluid
- c.The tissues exchange O2/ CO2 directly with the air outside through body surface
- d.Tracheal tubes exchange O2/ CO2 directly with the haemocoel which then exchange with tissues
Regarding the functions of our respiratory system, mark the wrong entry.
- a.Humidifies the air
- b.Warms up the air
- c.Exchange of gases
- d.Cleans up the air
A person suffers punctures in his chest cavity in an accident without any damage to the lungs. Its effect could be
- a.Reduced breathing rate
- b.Rapid increase in breathing rate
- c.No change in respiration
- d.Cessation of breathing
It is known that exposure to carbon monoxide is harmful to animals because
- a.It reduces CO2 transport
- b.It reduces O2 transport
- c.It increases CO2 transport
- d.It increases O2 transport BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES 97
Mark the true statement among the following with reference to normal breathing
- a.Inspiration is a passive process where as expiration is active
- b.Inspiration is a active process where as expiration is passive
- c.Inspiration and expiration are active processes
- d.Inspiration and expiration are passive processes
A person breathes in some volume of air by forced inspiration after having a forced expiration. This quantity of air taken in is
- a.Total lung capacity
- b.Tidal volume
- c.Vital capacity
- d.Inspiratory capacity
Mark the incorrect statement in context to O2 binding to Hb
- a.Higher pH
- b.Lower temperature
- c.Lower pCO2
- d.Higher PO2
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding respiratory system?
- a.Each terminal bronchiole give rise to a network of bronchi.
- b.the alveoli are highly vascularised.
- c.The lungs are covered by a double-layered membrane.
- d.The plecral fluid reduces friction on the lung surface.
Incidence of Emphysema – a respiratory disorder is high in cigarette smokers. In such cases
- a.The bronchioles are found damaged
- b.The alveolar walls are found damaged
- c.The plasma membrane is found damaged
- d.The respiratory muscles are found damaged
Respiratory process is regulated by certain specialized centres in the brain. One of the following centres can reduce the inspiratory duration upon stimulation
- a.Medullary inspiratory centre
- b.Pneumotaxic centre
- c.Apneustic centre
- d.Chemosensitive centre
CO2 dissociates from carbaminohaemoglobin when
- a.pCO2 is high & pO2 is low
- b.pO2 is high and pCO2 is low
- c.pCO2 and pO2 are equal
- d.None of the above
In breathing movements, air volume can be estimated by
- a.Stethoscope
- b.Hygrometer
- c.Sphigmomanometer
- d.Spirometer
From the following relationships between respiratory volume and capacities and mark the correct answer i. Inspiratory capacity (IC) = Tidal Volume + Residual Volume ii. Vital Capacity (VC) = Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV). iii. Residual Volume (RV) = Vital Capacity (VC) – Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) iv. Tidal Volume (TV) = Inspiratory Capacity (IC) – Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) Options: a.
- (i)Incorrect,
- (ii)Incorrect,
- (iii)Incorrect,
- (iv)Correct b. (i) Incorrect, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct c. (i) Correct, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct d. (i) Correct, (ii) Incorrect, (iii) Correct, (iv) Incorrect
The oxygen - haemoglobin dissociation curve will show a right shift in case of
- a.High pCO2
- b.High pO2
- c.Low pCO2
- d.Less H+ concentration
Match the following and mark the correct options Animal Respiratory Organ A. Earthworm i. Moist cuticle B. Insects ii. Gills C. Fishes iii. Lungs D. Birds/Reptiles iv. Trachea BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES 99 Options:
- a.A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
- b.A-i, B-iv, C-ii, D-iii
- c.A-i, B-iii, C-ii, D-iv
- d.A-i, B-ii, C-i.v, D-iii