Class 11 Mathematics · 66 questions · 0 with answers
In a class, there are 27 boys and 14 girls. The teacher wants to select 1 boy and 1 girl to represent the class for a function. In how many ways can the teacher make this selection? Solution Here the teacher is to perform two operations:
In how many ways can this diagram be coloured subject to the following two conditions?
In how many ways can 5 children be arranged in a line such that
If all permutations of the letters of the word AGAIN are arranged in the order as in a dictionary. What is the 49th word? Solution Starting with letter A, and arranging the other four letters, there are 4! = 24 words. These are the first 24 words. Then starting with G, and arranging A, A, I and N 4! in different ways, there are = 12 words. Next the 37th word starts with I. 2!1!1! There are again 12 words starting with I. This accounts up to the 48 th word. The 49th word is NAAGI.
In how many ways 3 mathematics books, 4 history books, 3 chemistry books and 2 biology books can be arranged on a shelf so that all books of the same subjects are together. Solution First we take books of a particular subject as one unit. Thus there are 4 units which can be arranged in 4! = 24 ways. Now in each of arrangements, mathematics books can be arranged in 3! ways, history books in 4! ways, chemistry books in 3! ways and biology books in 2! ways. Thus the total number of ways = 4! × 3! × 4! × 3! × 2! = 41472.
A student has to answer 10 questions, choosing atleast 4 from each of Parts A and B. If there are 6 questions in Part A and 7 in Part B, in how many ways can the student choose 10 questions? Solution The possibilities are: 4 from Part A and 6 from Part B or 5 from Part A and 5 from Part B or 6 from Part A and 4 from Part B. Therefore, the required number of ways is C4 × 7C6 + 6C5 × 7C5 + 6C6 × 7C4 = 105 + 126 + 35 = 266.
Suppose m men and n women are to be seated in a row so that no two women sit together. If m > n, show that the number of ways in which they can be seated is m!(m + 1)! (m − n + 1)! Solution Let the men take their seats first. They can be seated in mPm ways as shown in the following figure M M ... M st nd 1 2 mth From the above figure, we observe, that there are (m + 1) places for n women. It is given that m > n and no two women can sit together. Therefore, n women can take their seats (m + 1)Pn ways and hence the total number of ways so that no two women sit together is m!(m + 1)! (mPm) × (m + 1Pn) = (m − n + 1)!
Three married couples are to be seated in a row having six seats in a cinema hall. If spouses are to be seated next to each other, in how many ways can they be seated? Find also the number of ways of their seating if all the ladies sit together. Solution Let us denote married couples by S1, S2, S3, where each couple is considered to be a single unit as shown in the following figure: 1 st 2 nd 3rd Then the number of ways in which spouces can be seated next to each other is 3! = 6 ways. Again each couple can be seated in 2! ways. Thus the total number of seating arrangement so that spouces sit next to each other = 3! × 2! × 2! × 2! = 48. Again, if three ladies sit together, then necessarily three men must sit together. Thus, ladies and men can be arranged altogether among themselves in 2! ways. Therefore, the total number of ways where ladies sit together is 3! × 3! × 2! = 144. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 119
In a small village, there are 87 families, of which 52 families have atmost 2 children. In a rural development programme 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which atleast 18 families must have at most 2 children. In how many ways can the choice be made? Solution It is given that out of 87 families, 52 families have at most 2 children so other
A boy has 3 library tickets and 8 books of his interest in the library. Of these 8, he does not want to borrow Mathematics Part II, unless Mathematics Part I is also borrowed. In how many ways can he choose the three books to be borrowed? Solution Let us make the following cases: Case
Find the number of permutations of n different things taken r at a time such that two specific things occur together. Solution A bundle of 2 specific things can be put in r places in (r – 1) ways (Why?) and 2 things in the bundle can be arranged themselves into 2 ways. Now (n – 2) things will be arranged in (r – 2) places in n –2Pr –2 ways. Thus, using the fundamental principle of counting, the required numer of permutations will be 2 ⋅ (r − 1) ⋅ n − 2 Pr − 2 .
There are four bus routes between A and B; and three bus routes between B and C. A man can travel round-trip in number of ways by bus from A to C via B. If he does not want to use a bus route more than once, in how many ways can he make round trip?
In how many ways a committee consisting of 3 men and 2 women, can be chosen from 7 men and 5 women?
All the letters of the word ‘EAMCOT’ are arranged in different possible ways. The number of such arrangements in which no two vowels are adjacent to each other is
Ten different letters of alphabet are given. Words with five letters are formed from these given letters. Then the number of words which have atleast one letter repeated is PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 121
The number of signals that can be sent by 6 flags of different colours taking one or more at a time is
In an examination there are three multiple choice questions and each question has 4 choices. Number of ways in which a student can fail to get all answer correct is
The straight lines l1, l2 and l3 are parallel and lie in the same plane. A total numbers of m points are taken on l1; n points on l2, k points on l3. The maximum number of triangles formed with vertices at these points are
ways. By the fundamental principle of counting, the required number of ways is 27 × 14 = 378.
families are of other type. According to the question, for rural development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which at least 18 families must have atmost 2 children. Thus, the following are the number of possible choices: C18 × 35C2 (18 families having atmost 2 children and 2 selected from other type of families) C19 × 35C1 (19 families having at most 2 children and 1 selected from other type of families) C 20 (All selected 20 families having atmost 2 children) Hence, the total number of possible choices is C18 × 35C2 + 52C19 × 35C1 + 52C20
Eight chairs are numbered 1 to 8. Two women and 3 men wish to occupy one chair each. First the women choose the chairs from amongst the chairs 1 to 4 and then men select from the remaining chairs. Find the total number of possible arrangements. [Hint: 2 women occupy the chair, from 1 to 4 in 4P2 ways and 3 men occupy the remaining chairs in 6P3 ways.]
If the letters of the word RACHIT are arranged in all possible ways as listed in dictionary. Then what is the rank of the word RACHIT ? [Hint: In each case number of words beginning with A, C, H, I is 5!]
A candidate is required to answer 7 questions out of 12 questions, which are divided into two groups, each containing 6 questions. He is not permitted to attempt more than 5 questions from either group. Find the number of different ways of doing questions.
Out of 18 points in a plane, no three are in the same line except five points which are collinear. Find the number of lines that can be formed joining the point. [Hint: Number of straight lines = 18C2 – 5C2 + 1.]
We wish to select 6 persons from 8, but if the person A is chosen, then B must be chosen. In how many ways can selections be made?
How many committee of five persons with a chairperson can be selected from 12 persons. [Hint: Chairman can be selected in 12 ways and remaining in 11C4.]
How many automobile license plates can be made if each plate contains two different letters followed by three different digits?
A bag contains 5 black and 6 red balls. Determine the number of ways in which 2 black and 3 red balls can be selected from the lot.
Find the number of permutations of n distinct things taken r together, in which 3 particular things must occur together.
Find the number of different words that can be formed from the letters of the word ‘TRIANGLE’ so that no vowels are together.
Find the number of positive integers greater than 6000 and less than 7000 which are divisible by 5, provided that no digit is to be repeated. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 123
There are 10 persons named P1, P2, P3, ... P10. Out of 10 persons, 5 persons are to be arranged in a line such that in each arrangement P1 must occur whereas P4 and P5 do not occur. Find the number of such possible arrangements. [Hint: Required number of arrangement = 7C4 × 5!]
There are 10 lamps in a hall. Each one of them can be switched on independently. Find the number of ways in which the hall can be illuminated. [Hint: Required number = 210 – 1].
A box contains two white, three black and four red balls. In how many ways can three balls be drawn from the box, if atleast one black ball is to be included in the draw. [Hint: Required number of ways = 3C1 × 6C2 + 3C2 × 6C2 + 3C3.]
If nCr – 1 = 36, nCr = 84 and nCr + 1 = 126, then find rC2. n n Cr Cr [Hint: Form equation using n and n to find the value of r.] C r +1 Cr –1
Find the number of integers greater than 7000 that can be formed with the digits 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9 where no digits are repeated. [Hint: Besides 4 digit integers greater than 7000, five digit integers are always greater than 7000.]
If 20 lines are drawn in a plane such that no two of them are parallel and no three are concurrent, in how many points will they intersect each other?
In a certain city, all telephone numbers have six digits, the first two digits always being 41 or 42 or 46 or 62 or 64. How many telephone numbers have all six digits distinct?
In an examination, a student has to answer 4 questions out of 5 questions; questions 1 and 2 are however compulsory. Determine the number of ways in which the student can make the choice.
A convex polygon has 44 diagonals. Find the number of its sides. [Hint: Polygon of n sides has (nC2 – n) number of diagonals.]
18 mice were placed in two experimental groups and one control group, with all groups equally large. In how many ways can the mice be placed into three groups?
A bag contains six white marbles and five red marbles. Find the number of ways in which four marbles can be drawn from the bag if
In how many ways can a football team of 11 players be selected from 16 players? How many of them will
A sports team of 11 students is to be constituted, choosing at least 5 from Class XI and atleast 5 from Class XII. If there are 20 students in each of these classes, in how many ways can the team be constituted?
A group consists of 4 girls and 7 boys. In how many ways can a team of 5 members be selected if the team has
If nC12 = nC8, then n is equal to
The number of possible outcomes when a coin is tossed 6 times is
The number of different four digit numbers that can be formed with the digits 2, 3, 4, 7 and using each digit only once is
The sum of the digits in unit place of all the numbers formed with the help of 3, 4, 5 and 6 taken all at a time is
Total number of words formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants taken from 4 vowels and 5 consonants is equal to
A five digit number divisible by 3 is to be formed using the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 without repetitions. The total number of ways this can be done is
Every body in a room shakes hands with everybody else. The total number of hand shakes is 66. The total number of persons in the room is
The number of triangles that are formed by choosing the vertices from a set of 12 points, seven of which lie on the same line is
The number of parallelograms that can be formed from a set of four parallel lines intersecting another set of three parallel lines is
The number of ways in which a team of eleven players can be selected from 22 players always including 2 of them and excluding 4 of them is
The number of 5-digit telephone numbers having atleast one of their digits repeated is
The number of ways in which we can choose a committee from four men and six women so that the committee includes at least two men and exactly twice as many women as men is
The total number of 9 digit numbers which have all different digits is
The number of words which can be formed out of the letters of the word ARTICLE, so that vowels occupy the even place is
Given 5 different green dyes, four different blue dyes and three different red dyes, the number of combinations of dyes which can be chosen taking at least one green and one blue dye is
If nPr = 840, nCr = 35, then r = ______.
15C8 + 15C9 – 15C6 – 15C7 = ______.
The number of permutations of n different objects, taken r at a line, when repetitions are allowed, is ______.
The number of different words that can be formed from the letters of the word INTERMEDIATE such that two vowels never come together is ______. 6! [Hint: Number of ways of arranging 6 consonants of which two are alike is 2! 7 1 1 and number of ways of arranging vowels = P6 × × .] 3! 2!
Three balls are drawn from a bag containing 5 red, 4 white and 3 black balls. The number of ways in which this can be done if at least 2 are red is ______
The number of six-digit numbers, all digits of which are odd is ______.
In a football championship, 153 matches were played . Every two teams played one match with each other. The number of teams, participating in the championship is ______.
The total number of ways in which six ‘+’ and four ‘–’ signs can be arranged in a line such that no two signs ‘–’ occur together is ______.
A committee of 6 is to be chosen from 10 men and 7 women so as to contain atleast 3 men and 2 women. In how many different ways can this be done if two particular women refuse to serve on the same committee. [Hint:At least 3 men and 2 women: The number of ways = 10C3 × 7C3 + 10C4 × 7C2. For 2 particular women to be always there: the number of ways = 10C4 + 10C3 × 5C1 . The total number of committees when two particular women are never together = Total – together.]
A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. The number of ways three balls be drawn from the box if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw is ______. State whether the statements in Exercises from 51 to 59 True or False? Also give justification.
There are 12 points in a plane of which 5 points are collinear, then the number of lines obtained by joining these points in pairs is 12C2 – 5C2.
Three letters can be posted in five letterboxes in 35 ways.
In the permutations of n things, r taken together, the number of permutations in which m particular things occur together is n–mPr–m × rPm.
In a steamer there are stalls for 12 animals, and there are horses, cows and calves (not less than 12 each) ready to be shipped. They can be loaded in 312 ways.
If some or all of n objects are taken at a time, the number of combinations is 2n–1. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 127
There will be only 24 selections containing at least one red ball out of a bag containing 4 red and 5 black balls. It is being given that the balls of the same colour are identical.
Eighteen guests are to be seated, half on each side of a long table. Four particular guests desire to sit on one particular side and three others on other side of the table. The number of ways in which the seating arrangements 11! can be made is (9!)(9!) . 5!6! [Hint: After sending 4 on one side and 3 on the other side, we have to select out of 11; 5 on one side and 6 on the other. Now there are 9 on each side of the long table and each can be arranged in 9! ways.]
A candidate is required to answer 7 questions out of 12 questions which are divided into two groups, each containing 6 questions. He is not permitted to attempt more than 5 questions from either group. He can choose the seven questions in 650 ways.
To fill 12 vacancies there are 25 candidates of which 5 are from scheduled castes. If 3 of the vacancies are reserved for scheduled caste candidates while the rest are open to all, the number of ways in which the selection can be made is 5C3 × 20C9. In each if the Exercises from 60 to 64 match each item given under the column C1 to its correct answer given under the column C2.
There are 3 books on Mathematics, 4 on Physics and 5 on English. How many different collections can be made such that each collection consists of : C1 C2 (a) One book of each subject;
Five boys and five girls form a line. Find the number of ways of making the seating arrangement under the following condition: C1 C2 (a) Boys and girls alternate:
There are 10 professors and 20 lecturers out of whom a committee of 2 professors and 3 lecturer is to be formed. Find : C1 C2 (a) In how many ways committee :
Using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, a number of 4 different digits is formed. Find C1 C2 (a) how many numbers are formed?
How many words (with or without dictionary meaning) can be made from the letters of the word MONDAY, assuming that no letter is repeated, if C1 C2 (a) 4 letters are used at a time