Chapter 10 – Nimals

The vitamin whose content increases following the conversion of milk into curd by lactic acid bacteria is:

• a.vitamin C
• b.vitamin D
• c.vitamin B12
• d.vitamin E.

Wastewater treatment generates a large quantity of sludge, which can be treated by:

• a.anaerobic digesters
• b.floc
• c.chemicals
• d.oxidation pond.

Methanogenic bacteria are not found in:

• a.rumen of cattle
• b.gobar gas plant
• c.bottom of water-logged paddy fields
• d.activated sludge.

Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products: Bacterium Product A. Aspergillus niger i. Lactic acid B. Acetobacter aceti ii. Butyric acid C. Clostridium butylicum iii. Acetic acid D. Lactobacillus iv. Citric acid Choose the correct match:

• a.A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i
• b.A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
• c.A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
• d.A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii

Match the following list of bioactive substances and their roles: Bioactive Substance Role A. Statin i. Removal of oil stains B. Cyclosporin A ii. Removal of clots from blood vessels C. Streptokinase iii. Lowering of blood cholesterol D. Lipase iv. Immuno-suppressive agent Choose the correct match:

• a.A-ii, B-iii, C-i, D-iv
• b.A-iv, B-ii, C-i, D-iii
• c.A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii
• d.A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i

The primary treatment of waste water involves the removal of:

• a.dissolved impurities
• b.stable particles
• c.toxic substances
• d.harmful bacteria.

BOD of waste water is estimated by measuring the amount of:

• a.total organic matter
• b.biodegradable organic matter
• c.oxygen evolution
• d.oxygen consumption.

Which one of the following alcoholic drinks is produced without distillation?

• a.Wine
• b.Whisky
• c.Rum
• d.Brandy

The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India largely due to the efforts of:

• a.Gas Authority of India
• b.Oil and Natural Gas Commission
• c.Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi & Village Industries Commission
• d.Indian Oil Corporation. M NIT II: UNIT II: SSTRUCTURAL ICROBES IN HUMAN W TRUCTURAL O ORGANISATION ELFARE IN P RGANISATION IN PLANTS ANDA LANTS AND ANIMAL NIMALS 71

The free-living fungus Trichoderma can be used for:

• a.killing insects
• b.biological control of plant diseases
• c.controlling butterfly caterpillars
• d.producing antibiotics

What would happen if oxygen availability to activated sludge flocs is reduced?

• a.It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter
• b.The center of flocs will become anoxic, which would cause death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs.
• c.Flocs would increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs.
• d.Protozoa would grow in large numbers.

Mycorrhiza does not help the host plant in:

• a.Enhancing its phosphorus uptake capacity
• b.Increasing its tolerance to drought
• c.Enhancing its resistance to root pathogens
• d.Increasing its resistance to insects.

Which one of the following is not a nitrogen-fixing organism?

• a.Anabaena
• b.Nostoc
• c.Azotobacter
• d.Pseudomonas

Big holes in Swiss cheese are made by a:

• a.a machine
• b.a bacterium that produces methane gas
• c.a bacterium producing a large amount of carbon dioxide
• d.a fungus that releases a lot of gases during its metabolic activities.

The residue left after methane production from cattle dung is:

• a.burnt
• b.burried in land fills
• c.used as manure
• d.used in civil construction.

Methanogens do not produce:

• a.oxygen
• b.methane
• c.hydrogen sulfide
• d.carbon dioxide.

Activated sludge should have the ability to settle quickly so that it can:

• a.be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank
• b.absorb pathogenic bacteria present in waste water while sinking to the bottom of the settling tank
• c.be discarded and anaerobically digested
• d.absorb colloidal organic matter.

Match the items in Column ‘A’ and Column ‘B’ and choose correct answer. Column I Column II A. Lady bird i. Methano bacterium B. Mycorrhiza ii. Trichoderma C. Biological control iii. Aphids D. Biogas iv. Glomus The correct answer is:

• a.A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
• b.A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
• c.A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii
• d.A-iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv

What is the group of bacteria found in both the rumen of cattle and shidge of sewage treatment?

Name a microbe used for the production of Swiss cheese.