Chapter 8 – Nimals

The term 'Health' is defined in many ways. The most accurate definition of the health would be:

• a.Health is the state of body and mind in a balanced condition
• b.Health is the reflection of a smiling face
• c.Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
• d.Health is the symbol of economic prosperity.

The organisms which cause diseases in plants and animals are called:

• a.Pathogens
• b.Vectors
• c.Insects
• d.Worms

The clinical test that is used for diagnosis of typhoid is:

• a.ELISA
• b.ESR
• c.PCR
• d.Widal

Diseases are broadly grouped into infectious and non-infectious diseases. In the list given below, identify the infectious diseases. i. Cancer ii. Influenza iii. Allergy iv. Small pox

• (a)i and ii
• (b)ii and iii
• (c)iii and iv
• (d)ii and iv

The sporozoites that cause infection when a female Anopheles mosquito bites a person, are formed in:

• a.liver of the person
• b.RBCs of mosquito
• c.salivary glands of mosquito
• d.gut of mosquito

The disease chikunguniya is transmitted by:

• a.house fly
• b.Aedes mosquito
• c.cockroach
• d.female Anopheles

Many diseases can be diagnosed by observing the symptoms in the patient. Which group of symptoms are indicative of pneumonia?

• a.Difficulty in respiration, fever, chills, cough, headache
• b.Constipation, abdominal pain, cramps, blood clots
• c.Nasal congestion and discharge, cough, constipation, headache
• d.High fever, weakness, stomach pain, loss of appetite and constipation

Cancer causing genes are called:

• a.structural genes
• b.expressor genes
• c.oncogenes
• d.regulatory genes

In malignant tumors, the cells proliferate, grow rapidly and move to other parts of the body to form new tumors. This stage of disease is called:

• a.metagenesis
• b.metastasis
• c.teratogenesis
• d.mitosis

When an apparently healthy person is diagnosed as unhealthy by a psychiatrist, the reason could be that:

• a.the patient was not efficient at his work
• b.the patient was not economically prosperous
• c.the patient shows behavioural and social maladjustment
• d.he does not take interest in sports

Which of the following are the reason(s) for Rheumatoid arthritis? Choose the correct option. i. The ability to differentiate pathogens or foreign molecules from self cells increases. H NIT II: UNIT UMAN II:H SSEALTH AND D TRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL O OISEASES RGANISATION IN P RGANISATION IN PLANTS ANDA LANTS AND ANIMAL NIMALS 53 ii. Body attacks self cells iii. More antibodies are produced in the body iv. The ability to differentiate pathogens or foreign molecules from self cells is lost

• (a)i and ii
• (b)ii and iv
• (c)iii and iv
• (d)i and iii

AIDS is caused by HIV. Among the following, which one is not a mode of transmission of HIV?

• a.Transfusion of contaminated blood
• b.Sharing the infected needles
• c.Shaking hands with infected persons
• d.Sexual contact with infected persons

'Smack' is a drug obtained from the:

• a.latex of Papaver somniferum
• b.leaves of Cannabis sativa
• c.flowers of Dhatura
• d.fruits of Erythroxyl coca

The substance produced by a cell in viral infection that can protect other cells from further infection is:

• a.serotonin
• b.colostrum
• c.interferon
• d.histamine

Transplantation of tissues/organs to save certain patients often fails due to rejection of such tissues/organs by the patient. Which type of immune response is responsible for such rejections?

• a.auto-immune response
• b.humoral immune response
• c.physiological immune response
• d.cell-mediated immune response

Antibodies present in colostrum which protect the new born from certain diseases is of

• a.Ig G type
• b.Ig A type
• c.Ig D type
• d.Ig E type

Tobacco consumption is known to stimulate secretion of adrenaline and nor-adrenaline. The component causing this could be:

• a.Nicotine
• b.Tannic acid
• c.Curamin
• d.Catechin

Antivenom against snake poison contains:

• a.Antigens
• b.Antigen-antibody complexes
• c.Antibodies
• d.Enzymes

Which of the following is not a lymphoid tissue?

• a.Spleen
• b.Tonsils
• c.Pancreas
• d.Thymus

Which of the following glands is large sized at birth but reduces in size with ageing?

• a.Pineal
• b.Pituitary
• c.Thymus
• d.Thyroid

Haemozoin is a:

• a.precursor of hemoglobin
• b.toxin released from Streptococcus infected cells
• c.toxin released from Plasmodium infected cells
• d.toxin released from Haemophilus infected cells

Which of the following is not the causal organism for ringworm?

• a.Microsporum
• b.Trichophyton
• c.Epidermophyton
• d.Macrosporum H NIT II: UNIT UMAN II:H SSEALTH AND D TRUCTURAL TRUCTURAL O OISEASES RGANISATION IN P RGANISATION IN PLANTS ANDA LANTS AND ANIMAL NIMALS 55

A person with sickle cell anemia is

• a.more prone to malaria
• b.more prone to typhoid
• c.less prone to malaria
• d.less prone to typhoid